The largest blood vessel in the human body is known as the aorta. It carries blood from the heart to the head and the lower body, including the legs and abdomen. When it gets weakened, the walls of the aorta bulge or swell up like a balloon, and this condition is known as an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This article details the condition’s diagnosis, treatment, risk factors, and other aspects.

Diagnosis
AAA is usually discovered when routine tests such as a heart or abdominal ultrasound are performed or when a physical exam is done for some other reason. The healthcare provider diagnoses AAA after reviewing the patient’s health and family history. If the doctor thinks that the person may be suffering from AAA, then the following tests will be done:

Abdominal MRI
During this imaging test, a magnetic field and radio waves that are computer generated are used to create detailed and complete images of the interior of the belly area. To make the blood vessels more visible, contrast material is also used. This is administered through the vein.

Abdominal CT scan
The X-ray creates cross-sectional images of the inside of the belly area. This test also detects the aneurysm’s shape and size and provides neat images of the aorta.

Abdominal ultrasound
The most common test to diagnose an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an abdominal ultrasound. It is a painless test that uses sound waves to show how the blood flows through the aorta.

Treatment
The primary objective of treating this condition is to prevent the rupturing of the aneurysm. Careful monitoring or surgery may be part of treatment and management. The type of treatment may vary depending on the size of the aneurysm and how fast it is growing. Hence, some of the options for treatment are:

Careful monitoring
Careful monitoring or watchful waiting is suggested by the doctor if AAA does not show many symptoms and its size is small. This involves regular checkups by the doctor and imaging tests to help determine whether the aneurysm is growing. It also helps one watch out for other conditions, such as high blood pressure, that may worsen the situation.

Surgical procedures
If the aneurysm has been multiplying and is between 1.9 and 2.2 inches or more in size, the doctor may recommend surgery. In case of stomach pain or leaking symptoms, the doctor may also suggest surgery. However, the procedure may depend upon the aneurysm’s location and size. Also, the age and overall health of the patient are considered. The types of surgical procedures that could be used are:

Open abdominal surgery
Open abdominal surgery is required when the aneurysm is large, and it has already ruptured. This type of surgery is invasive and has a longer recovery time. This procedure helps in removing the damaged areas of the aorta.

Endovascular surgery
This surgical procedure is less invasive than open abdominal surgery and is used to stabilize the weakened walls of the aorta.

The risks of surgery may be infection, bleeding, pain, and a reaction to anesthesia. It is recommended to talk to your team of health specialists about these concerns before giving the go-ahead.

Ways to prevent AAA
You can follow the following tips to help prevent an AAA and stop it from worsening:

Eat healthy meals
Try including fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products in your meals. Avoid meals rich in calories and saturated and trans fats, and sodium, which may lead to high blood pressure and cholesterol. Also, avoid processed and packaged snacks such as candies, cakes, and cookies. Finally, have fried food only in moderation and use heart-healthy oils such as olive oil.

Keep blood pressure and cholesterol in check
To help prevent the condition, always check blood pressure and cholesterol level and keep them under control. Consult a doctor if any risk factor is noted and follow the prescribed treatment.

Regular exercise
If one is not active, start with regular exercise. Consult the healthcare provider for the type of physical activity suitable for preventing AAA.

Manage and reduce stress
It’s imperative to manage and deal with strong emotions, such as getting upset or angry, as it may cause the aneurysm to rupture. Some ways to reduce stress are meditation, exercise, time management, taking up a hobby, relaxation, mindfulness techniques, and practicing gratitude.

This article mentions some ways or tips to prevent this condition. However, always watch out for the symptoms and discuss the treatment procedure with the healthcare provider. Also, follow physical activities and meal plans as recommended by the doctor.