Gout, a type of arthritis, is characterized by severe inflammation, swelling, and redness in the joints. While it can affect any joint in the body, it mainly affects the big toe joint and, sometimes, the lower limb. The affected joint becomes extremely tender and causes excruciating pain when touched. Those with the symptoms should visit a doctor to seek a timely diagnosis. The proper treatment can help control the discomfort and facilitate recovery.

What causes gout?
Gout is caused by the excess accumulation of uric acid in the body. The body produces uric acid while breaking down chemicals called purines found in foods like sardines, herring, anchovies, mussels, turkey, veal, and venison. The kidneys process this uric acid and expel it through urine. However, in some cases, the body produces excess uric acid, leading to a condition called hyperuricemia. Consequently, sharp uric acid crystals accumulate in the joints, leading to gout pain and inflammation.

A few factors that can trigger or aggravate this condition are:

High blood pressure
Research shows that over 70% of people with gout have problems associated with high blood pressure. An increase in uric acid levels in the body can cause high blood pressure, which can trigger or aggravate gout and gout pain. Unfortunately, even some treatment options for high blood pressure can increase uric acid, contributing to gout.

Genetic predisposition
Genetic studies suggest that specific gene mutations could be responsible for the onset of gout. For instance, mutations in the genes regulating urate excretion may contribute to the condition. Some examples of these genes include SLC2A9, which manages the expulsion of waste in the form of urine, and ABCG2, which deals with releasing urate into the stomach and facilitating its excretion through stools.

Foods high in fructose
Eating large quantities of foods high in fructose (a type of natural sugar) and even artificial sweeteners increases the risk of gout. The body typically releases purine while breaking down fructose, which further leads to the production of uric acid.

Foods with high purine content
Foods with high levels of purine trigger the release of uric acid, causing or aggravating gout. A few purine-rich foods to avoid or eat in moderation are shellfish, sardines, anchovies, mussels, codfish, trout, turkey, veal, spinach, cauliflower, and organ meats,

Kidney problems
The kidney’s inability to filter uric acid can lead to the onset of gout. So, individuals with underlying kidney issues are more prone to this health condition.

What are the symptoms of gout?
One of the first signs is severe pain in the affected joint area, specifically in the big toe. Sometimes, one may experience pain in other joints too, such as the ankles, knees, elbows, and wrists. Besides pain, gout causes the affected joint to become extremely tender, making it highly sensitive to touch. Further, the affected joint may turn red due to severe inflammation. Lastly, the affected joint’s movement is often severely restricted.

What to eat when dealing with gout?
Patients can consider adding the following to their meals when affected by this condition:

Magnesium-rich foods
A particular study revealed that adequate magnesium intake is associated with optimal uric acid levels in the body. Foods rich in magnesium include avocados, legumes, soy, bananas, fatty fish, dark chocolate, leafy green vegetables, and cashews.

Ginger
Ginger has natural anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce pain associated with gout and lower the accumulation of uric acid. One can add ginger to stir-fries, soups, and gravies or drink ginger tea.

Nettle tea
Stinging nettle is an herb with anti-inflammatory properties, often recommended as a natural remedy for healing gout. Nettle tea, prepared by boiling about two tablespoons of dried nettle in water, can relieve gout pain and inflammation if had regularly.

Complex carbohydrates
Foods like whole grains, peas, beans, fruits, and vegetables are complex carbohydrate sources, essential for the body to heal from gout inflammation.

Can natural or home remedies help manage gout pain?
The following remedies and tips can help manage the symptoms better:

Cold packs and compresses
Placing cold packs and compresses on the affected joint may help relieve pain and inflammation. However, these packs must be avoided if the joint is too tender and sensitive to the touch.

Hydration
Sufficient hydration helps filter out uric acid from the body, so optimal water intake is a must while healing from gout.

Managing stress
Stress can aggravate the symptoms and increase the frequency of gout attacks. Thus, it helps to identify and eliminate stressors of work and personal life.

Avoiding pressure on the joint
Even the slightest pressure on the affected joint may lead to unbearable pain. Hence, it is crucial to avoid exerting pressure on the joint, including the pressure from contact with bed sheets or clothing.

While these pain relief tips are helpful for mild flare-ups, those with severe gout should visit a doctor to learn about the available treatments.