A woman’s health has not always been given due significance throughout history, but that has changed in modern times. That said, the lifestyle of a fast-paced woman, especially in cities, brings several complications due to accumulated stress, unhealthy habits, and environmental toxins. In some cases, these lead to issues with the reproductive system, requiring surgical intervention. A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus, cervix, and supporting tissues. It is a major non-pregnancy-related procedure.

Reasons for a hysterectomy
Here are a few reasons why women might choose to have a hysterectomy:

Fibroids
This is a very common noncancerous tumor that grows in the uterus. When a woman develops fibroids in the uterus, she could face a heavier flow during menstruation. This can result in various complications such as anemia and hence, a hysterectomy might be suggested.

Uterine prolapse
In this condition, the uterus moves from its actual location down into the vagina. This happens due to weak and stretched pelvic ligaments and tissues. This problem can also be caused due to childbirth, loss of estrogen after menopause, and obesity.

Hyperplasia
When the lining of the uterus becomes too thick and causes heavy bleeding, it is called hyperplasia.

Endometriosis
This condition happens when the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus and on nearby organs. This condition often causes painful menstrual periods, loss of fertility, and abnormal vaginal bleeding.

Gynecologic cancer
This includes cancer of the cervix, ovary, uterus, or lining of the uterus.

Types of hysterectomies
Given below are some of the different types of hysterectomies-

Radical hysterectomy
In the case of a radical hysterectomy, all of the uterus, cervix, and tissues on the side of the cervix and also the upper part of the vagina are removed. It is used to treat cervical cancer. In this procedure, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries may or may not be removed.

Partial hysterectomy
Also known as subtotal or supracervical hysterectomy, it involves the removal of the upper part of the uterus. The cervix stays in place, and the ovaries may or may not be removed.

Total hysterectomy
This is the most common type of hysterectomy, where the entire uterus is removed along with the cervix. The ovaries and the fallopian tubes might be removed if needed.

When is a hysterectomy suggested or advised?
You should get in touch with your doctor if you do have conditions such as fibroids, uterine prolapse, and endometriosis as these can be treated via remedies. Only when other treatment options do not produce satisfactory results, will your doctor suggest a hysterectomy. Hence, it is important to understand your condition and why a hysterectomy is necessary. In some cases, it has been seen that a hysterectomy improves the quality of life and sexual life of a woman.

How is a hysterectomy performed?
A hysterectomy is performed through a cut in the abdomen or the vagina. The doctor sometimes uses an instrument called a laparoscope to see inside the vagina during a vaginal hysterectomy. The risks associated with this major surgery are infection, blood clots in the veins, bowel blockage, early menopause, and injury to the urinary tract or nearby organs.

After the surgery, most women are required to stay in the hospital for one or two days, while some might need professional care for at least four days. Full recovery takes around six to eight weeks. After a vaginal hysterectomy, you can return to normal activity in one or two weeks.

How to prepare for a hysterectomy?
A healthcare provider will explain the procedure in detail, including all the side effects and possible complications. You should take this opportunity to discuss your concerns with the doctor. You might be asked to provide blood and urine samples for testing before this major procedure. These pathological tests will help to determine your physical condition and health.

Most hysterectomies are not emergencies, which means that you would get time to think about it and to discuss and resolve any queries and concerns you might have with the doctor. You should be aware and understand why you need this procedure. Also, it is important to note that you won’t be able to get pregnant or won’t have periods if you undergo a hysterectomy. So, a thoughtful and wise decision should be taken so that no unforeseen consequences are faced in the future.